Importance Of Trade Union In Modern Workplace Management Essay Essay Example

Importance Of Trade Union In Modern Workplace Management Essay Essay Often we read in newspapers, group of workers of a mill traveling on work stoppage or coming together in privation of some common motivation. These groups of people are known as trade brotherhoods. Trade Unions are group of workers of an organisation or a mill that raises their voice together so that their demands can better be represented in forepart of the governments. They have a common end or purpose. In this epoch, where everyone realizes the importance of workers, trade brotherhoods have a really of import function to play. Originating in Europe, trade brotherhoods became really popular in states during the Industrial Revolution, when the deficiency of skilled workers shifted employment bargaining power about wholly to the employers, doing many workers to be mistreated and underpaid. Trade brotherhood organisations may be composed of single workers or professionals. The most common intent of these organisations is to keep or better the conditions of their employment. Over the past 300 old ages, trade brotherhoods have developed into a figure of signifiers, influenced by different political aims. TRADE Union: We will write a custom essay sample on Importance Of Trade Union In Modern Workplace Management Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Importance Of Trade Union In Modern Workplace Management Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Importance Of Trade Union In Modern Workplace Management Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Trade Unions prove good for workers, as the chief purpose of organizing this group is to forestall the workers from being exploited by the senior functionaries. For illustration, if a worker is unhappy with the wage he is acquiring he can speak to his colleagues and jointly they can raise their voice to acquire the wage they deserve. Trade brotherhood is even helpful for the direction of the house, as they can cognize the demands of the worker which helps them know workers better and supply them an environment where they are able to work expeditiously and assist them to keep good criterions. Decisions are taken through the corporate bargaining procedure and dialogues between employer and brotherhoods. The relationship between trade brotherhood and employer is called as industrial dealingss. In general footings, trade brotherhoods satisfy their demands through dialogues peacefully, but sometimes other tough actions need to be taken by the brotherhoods. These actions can be in the signifier of work stoppages, work to govern, travel slow, picketing, overtime prohibition, etc. In Strikes, workers reciprocally decide non to come for work. In work to govern, workers tend to be excessively critical ; knock on minor inside informations. In Go Slow, workers work with slow gait so as to slower production velocity. In picketing, workers demonstrate through mottos and streamers. In overtime, the workers refuse to work and so the company is unable to run into the demand. All the employers try to avoid such state of affairss, as such state of affairss lead to loss and even shuting down of the company. In United Kingdom, in order to deliver employers from industrial Acts of the Apostless and employees from being exploited, authorities has created ACAS. ACAS stands for Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service. When brotherhood and employers continue to challenge they can travel to ACAS to decide the affair. It is an independent organic structure financed by authorities. It gives indifferent advises. TYPE OF TRADE UNIONS: There are major four types of trade brotherhoods: 1 ) . Crafts of Skill Unions: This brotherhood consists of all those workers possessing same type of accomplishments. 2 ) . Industrial Unions: This brotherhood represents workers of the same industry. 3 ) . General Unions: This brotherhood is formed by aggregation of workers from different industries and holding different accomplishments. 4 ) . White Collar Unions: This brotherhood represents all the office workers at higher stations. STRUCTURE OF TRADE UNIONS: The construction refers to how the trade brotherhoods are organized. They can be organized on the footing of trades brotherhood, industrial brotherhoods or general brotherhoods. The other method to form trade brotherhoods can be the manner works degree, local degree, regional degree and national degree are interrelated. Plant Level Union- Plant degree is the first and the lowest degree of the construction. This type brotherhood is formed in individual company. Maximum seven members can be a portion of this type, due to this in merely one company there are multiple such brotherhoods. Local Level Federations- Local degree Union is the 2nd degree of the construction. This consists of the works degree brotherhoods at the local degree in a peculiar industry. The local degree brotherhood can be an independent organic structure or can be affiliated with national degree or regional degree brotherhoods. Regional Level Federations- All the local degree brotherhoods of a peculiar province or part jointly come under regional degree Union. National Level Federations- This is national degree organic structure which gives association to all works degree brotherhood, local degree brotherhood and regional degree brotherhoods. These degrees have been summarized below in the diagram: ADVANTAGES OF HAVING TRADE UNIONS: Trade brotherhoods can turn out good to both employer every bit good as the employees. Benefits for Employees: Increased rewards for its members- Industries with trade brotherhoods tend to hold higher rewards than non-unionized industries. Workers tend to be more demanding when in a group. Together when they raise their voice, it is more powerful as the functionaries are scared of the tough actions which brotherhoods might take when there needs non met. Represent Workers- Trades Unions besides protect workers from being exploited by senior direction. Trades brotherhoods can give besides aid workers who might be stuck in a legal job. Important for Service Sector- In modern work force, there is lessening in the power of the trade brotherhood. This is because of a diminution in fabrication and roar in service sector employment. Service sector occupations are by and large impermanent or are of portion clip footing. There are more opportunities of development of workers in footings in this sector in footings of less wage, bad working conditions or fewer inducements. Trade brotherhoods need to be more argus-eyed in this approaching sector. Individual rights better protected- Workers have their single rights better protected. They can non be below the belt dismissed from work, or they can non be racially or sexually discriminated. Member Services- Members of the trade brotherhood are frequently offered benefits of certain scope of services, like Education and preparation on basic accomplishments, employment rights, wellness and safety and other issues ; Legal advice on employment and personal issues ; Discounts on mortgages, insurance and loans from brotherhoods ; And besides welfare benefits in footings of fiscal assistance when a individual is ill or unemployed. Benefits for Employers: To counter balance monopsony power- Traditionally, monopsonies occur when there is merely one house in a town, or type of employment. However, in modern economic systems, many employers have a high grade of market power ( monopsony ) . The on the job conditions, regulations and ordinances, rewards are of determined harmonizing to the market power. More the market power, more will be the control over the trade brotherhoods. Productivity deals- Trades Unions can assist to negociate productiveness trades. This means they help the house to increase production which enables the house to be able to afford higher rewards. This besides helps promoting workers to work expeditiously. Trades brotherhoods can be of import for implementing new working patterns which improve productiveness. Workers are more motivated- When all sort of interests- societal, economic and political, are being looked upon, the workers tend to stay motivated and works expeditiously. This reflects on the quality and gait of the production. This besides controls the abrasion rates which saves the employer from the immense labour turnover costs. Trade brotherhoods help in accelerated gait of economic development in many ways: By assisting in the enlisting and choice of workers. By staying with subject among the work force By assisting in colony of industrial differences in a rational mode By doing societal accommodations. Workers have to set themselves to the new on the job conditions, the new regulations and policies. Workers coming from different backgrounds may go disorganised, unsated and defeated. Unions help them in doing such accommodation. Trade brotherhoods are a portion of society and as such, have to take into consideration the national integrating every bit good. Some of import societal duties of trade brotherhoods include: advancing and keeping national integrating by cut downing the figure of industrial differences integrating a sense of societal duty in workers accomplishing industrial peace PROBLEMS OF TRADE Union: Trade brotherhood can make certain jobs. When there demand goes high, it is hard to command their greed and fit up their outlooks. The employers are frequently in fright of workers traveling on work stoppage. More such jobs are: Creates Unemployment- If labour markets are competitory, higher rewards will do unemployment. Trades brotherhoods demand for higher rewards through the menace of work stoppages, work to govern etc. When the rewards are higher n industry, manufacturers will non be able to afford more which cause ballad offs and unemployment. Ignore Non Members- Trades brotherhoods merely consider the demands of its members ; they frequently ignore those who are non portion of the labour market i.e. the unemployed. They must besides be considered so as to cut down inequalities. Lost Productivity- If brotherhoods go on work stoppage and work fruitlessly ( work to govern ) it can take to lost gross revenues and end product. This will take to closing of the company. This will finally take to loss of occupations. Engage Inflation- If brotherhoods become excessively powerful they can dicker for higher rewards, above the rate of rising prices. If this occurs it may lend to general rising prices. Economy may topple. Decision: This study in short negotiations about trade brotherhoods. The study begins with a brief history about trade brotherhoods and tells us what a trade brotherhood is. It so highlights the types and construction of trade brotherhoods. Then, the turning importance of trade brotherhoods in the modern workplace has been richly highlighted. The study besides tells us the drawbacks of holding trade brotherhoods. The chief aim of fixing this study was to demo the importance of trade brotherhoods in the modern workplace and how they protect the involvements of the workers.

Top Resume Trends for 2017

Top Resume Trends for 2017 2017 offers great opportunities for all job seekers both actively searching, and for those passively looking for new job opportunities. The average job search can take around six months, so if you want to change jobs this year, it’s definitely time to get serious about the process. The more work you do now on your resume and application package, the less work you’ll have to do later- and the more flexibility you’ll have if a great opportunity suddenly comes along. Resumes and job searches don’t change too drastically year-to-year†¦meaning, you likely won’t need to suddenly learn how to make a hologram resume for your next job. What does change is the following areas:TechnologySkill trendsEconomic realities and available jobsThe last one, well, there’s only so much you can do about that. Unless you are the Chairperson of the Federal Reserve, or in a similarly major position of power in the economic sector, it’s unlikely that youâ⠂¬â„¢ll be able to sway how much leeway companies will have to bring on new talent and fill existing openings. It’s still an important factor to keep in mind when you think about your near-future job hunt, though- knowing the general health of the economy and how your industry is doing in particular can help you decide when it’s time to get out there and look for a new job, or hold back and see if things are brighter in a few months. If you need a new job regardless of the economy or how many openings there are in your field, it’s still important to know what’s going on.The other two (technology and skills trends) are areas you can seize upon to get your resume ready for 2017 and beyond.To get a quick start,  you can also download free templates from our Resume Library to get started on your resume creation.What to Include for Your 2017 ResumeSocial Media DominanceEvery person is a brand these days, and that trend will continue to grow stronger in 2017. Make sure yours is in great shape as you look ahead to the next year. Your resume should include links to your career-relevant social media profiles, like LinkedIn, or Twitter if you use it to talk about things related to your field. You can slip those right into the header, where you put your contact information.Jesse Myname21 Jump StreetNew York, NY 88888JesseM@emaildomain.comLinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/JesseMynameTwitter: www.twitter.com/JesseMynameThoughtsIf you use your accounts primarily for personal stuff, don’t include them on your resume. And if you really don’t want hiring managers or recruiters poking through the Facebook page you’ve had since you were young and making incredibly questionable choices in friends and photo ops, make sure those accounts are set to private. Even if you don’t provide direct links, you can assume that people will do a Google search on your name, and you don’t want any preventable issues to come back and haunt your 2017 professional self.In addition to any social media cleanup, you can start building up your professional social media presence. If you don’t have active social media accounts, start them! Create a Twitter feed, and start following movers and shakers in your field. If you don’t feel comfortable creating your own content yet, you can still retweet others or post links to interesting (and- again- work-appropriate) links. If you have accounts but have let them fall by the wayside (of which I plead guilty), there’s no time like the present to get them back up and running with current content and an updated profile. It’s all about increasing your visibility as a solid professional voice.Your Vast Tech KnowledgeThese days, there’s an online tool or an app for just about everything. Know what apps and programs are hot in your field right now, but also keep an eye on trends that are just starting, or just picking up speed. Blogs are a good resource for trends, and in addition to any blogs or publications that are specific to your industry, places like Forbes and U.S. News are handy resources for what’s happening now, and what’s coming along soon.Once you know the tech that’s most relevant to your field, you can get more familiar with them and then add them to your resume. Technological skills and mastery are hard skills, and should get their own section on your resume. You’ll want to include bullets for all of the systems or programs you’ve worked with, as well as any apps.Evidence of Emotional IntelligenceOne trend that’s been emerging in hiring, and will continue to grow, is the hunt for emotional intelligence. Remember, companies aren’t just hiring people to do a job- they’re also hiring a colleague. Emotional intelligence is kind of the web of soft skills/people skills that you bring to the table. It’s important to employers because they’re looking for a team member, which means they have a vested interest in finding candidates who not only have the skills and experience to do the job well, but also to work with other team members, clients, etc.So how do you demonstrate your emotional intelligence on your resume? When listing your skills as bullet points, provide a brief example of how you put that skill into play. For example:Management skills – Led a multi-city team of sales reps to an 8% increase in overall sales.Communication skills – Messaged quarterly revenue reporting to internal stakeholders and clients.Team-building skills – Hosted on-site training sessions for new hires, and spearheaded the creation of an in-house mentoring program.Your resume won’t provide too much space for stories, so keep the bullets short and to the point. You can come prepared with more anecdotes and examples of your soft skills once you have an interview.To get a quick start, access our Resume Library to download resume templates to help you create the perfect resume.What NOT to Include for Your 2017 ResumeToo Many Bells and WhistlesYou might be hearing all sorts of things about how everyone is going to have a video resume soon, or a fancy graphic resume. Those may be moving somewhat ahead of the holographic resume I mentioned earlier, but at this point you really don’t need to worry about fancy formats. Unless you’re a graphic designer, there’s really no need to go out and cute-ify your resume.And right now video resumes are best for actors and reality show auditioners. Unless you fall into either of those categories, the classic resume document is best. But the good news is that you can play around with styling and templatesAn Objective/Summary StatementThe simple objective or summary statement (a one-liner outlining your experience/goals and their application to the job at hand) is actually a pretty controversial debate.  There’s no hard and fast rule with this one, but if your leaner, meaner resume for 2017 looks better without, you shouldn’t feel obligated to include that statement. Just make sure that your bullet points are very strong, and convey the specific message you want the reader to get.ReferencesThe days of appending a list of names and contact information to your resume are gone, my friend. It’s pretty well understood by potential employers that if you get to the next level (interview, background check, or other vetting) that you’ll pony up the names of people who will vouch for your awesomeness. There’s no real need to provide that up front, unless the company or job description specifically asks for it. You also don’t need to include a line about references being â€Å"available upon request.† It’s kind of redundant, and it takes up valuable space on your resume. So take that line, and add another concrete skill or experience bullet that further illustrates how great you are for t his job.As you get ready for your 2017 resume, the main thing to keep in mind is that you want to expand your horizons with new skills, and show that you’re plugged into changes and shifts in your own industry. Those come faster than ever these days, so the more you can show your nimbleness with new skills and social media, the better you’re positioning yourself for a very successful career year.Example resume templates for different jobs:How to Write a Perfect Customer Service Resume (Examples Included)How to Write a Perfect Administrative Assistant Resume (Examples Included)How to Write a Perfect Retail Resume (Examples Included)How to Write a Perfect Teaching Resume (Examples Included)How to Write a Perfect Human Resources Resume (Examples Included)How to Write a Perfect Food Service Resume (Examples Included)How to Write a Perfect Construction Resume (Examples Included)How to Write a Perfect Internship Resume (Examples Included)How to Write a Perfect Receptionist R esume (Examples Included)For more resume templates, access our Resume Library.

Risk analysis (Brazil) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Risk analysis (Brazil) - Research Paper Example The official currency is the Real that divides into 100 Centavos. Moreover, the country pursues industrial and agricultural growth and development of its interior. This entails exploiting the extensive natural resources in the country and utilizing the large labor pool. Today, Brazil enjoys the top position as the leading economic power and a regional leader in South America. In addition, the country led in the economic recovery efforts in the region. However, a wide gap in income distribution and crimes remain greatest problems in Brazil. The Wall Street Journal reported on Brazil’s economic growth on for the second quarter of the year 2012. According to the article, Brazil’s Listless Growth Continues, there is a continued slump in the country’s economy despite efforts by the government to salvage it. Government statistics show that there was slowed growth in the second quarter registered at 1.6%, much lower than the projected value. Brazilian government impleme nted tax cuts, record interest rate cuts and campaigned to weaken its currency in order to ignite more economic activities. However, these efforts did not increase the pace and the economy was still sluggish (Fick, Magalhaes and Lyons). The report further indicates that the country registered the fastest growth rate in the world during the global financial crisis in the recent years. As a result, numerous investors considered investing in Brazil due to the development leap. It also geared the hosting of two main global events namely the soccer World Cup in 2014 and 2016 Olympic Games. However, the optimism on the economy is slowly turning into apprehension. As a result, the current climate for multinational investment is marred with uneasiness. The investors appear unsure of the governments’ measures to stimulate the recovery of the domestic markets. Moreover, Brazil’s economy has downshifted to slower growth with the debt crisis and unpredictable recovery efforts. The government predicted an economic growth of 4.5% that gave the investors’ confidence in the markets. This was due to the increase in spending on key infrastructure projects such as ports and river dams. However, the target growth was never achieved; instead, the country recorded a growth of half the forecast rate (Fick, Magalhaes and Lyons). In a bid to stimulate further recovery and growth, the government through the central bank of Brazil has lowered the interest rates by 5% to 7.5%. In addition, there are other announced programs meant to build projects to improve transport and communication to boost growth. Officials in the country blame the world’s slow economic growth for the country’s performance. Furthermore, the administration cites the investor attitude towards emerging market countries as a cause for slowed growth in their economy. However, several present and projected macroeconomic variables affect the recovery and growth of Brazil’s economy (Fick, Magalhaes and Lyons). The country improved its macroeconomic stability through the creation of foreign reserves, and the reduction of debt profile through a shift in debt burden towards the denominated and domestically held instruments. After the 2008 recession period, Brazil was the first emerging market to recover. The GDP growth reached 7.5% in the year 2010. This was registered as the highest growth rate for the past 25 years of the economy. However, the increase in inflation led to a slowed growth in 2011

Kublai Khan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Kublai Khan - Essay Example As Emperor, Khan initiated a symbiotic relationship between the Chinese and the Mongols, promoting a nation of tolerance and cross-cultural interaction that allowed for a flourishing of diverse arts as well as militaristic might. He exercised both military and political savvy in his actions, which contributed to a successful unification of the two primary peoples of his empire. Kublai’s power, military and political success attests to his military intelligence and daring. He was a strong man who understood strategy and possessed the ability to command respect and obedience from his subjects and people, ruling with a strong hand when necessary and promoting tolerance when possible. It was in this latter instinct that he gained perhaps his most lasting contributions, but it is also that instinct that nevertheless led to his downfall. Although he likely would not have been as successful as he was, had he not possessed political intelligence and agility, his instincts were often t owards indulgence of this tendency. He well understood the profound importance of catering to the Chinese majority, and thus took on Chinese advisors and officials as well as made a point of upholding important Chinese traditions, cultural values, and administrative practices. He commanded all his concubines, sons, daughters, and all the royal family members to adopt the Han culture and acquire the Chinese language and customs. Thus, the new China flourished under Kublai’s rule and experienced a heavy restructuring of political configuration. However, although Kublai Khan overcame many difficulties and barriers and ultimately achieved what he endeavored to do, in the end he became a disillusioned and embattled man. Through the struggles to convince his own conservative Mongol community of the need for the tolerance he promoted with the Chinese culture, he was increasingly isolated and frustrated at the end of his life. Both his military and political strength portrays his cap acity for leadership and as well as his ability to properly run a nation and allow it to flourish, but his personal failures and ideas eventually left lonely and embittered. In this essay, his contributions and legacy will be reviewed in order to see this in more depth. Family Background and Early Beginnings Genghis Khan, Kublai’s grandfather, united many of the nomadic tribes of northeast Asia and in that way founded the Mongol Empire. As Paul Ratchenevsky writes, the nomadic tribes in their territory were loosely linked tribal groups who would make stronger but still temporary confederations whenever some regional purpose called for it. Such purposes often involve war, but these were traditionally wars of a defensive nature. The tribal bands would come together whenever an outside force posed some impending danger, but their need for mobility as nomadic peoples generally prohibited any stronger or more lasting associations because of the nature of their lifestyles. Genghis Khan, through force of personality and visionary leadership managed to unite these tribes and begin offensive wars that allowed the empire to expand across Asia. Eventually, he initiated many invasions within Eurasia, thereby extending the reach and impact of his territory. In these ways, he was to be emulated by his grandson, with a combination of imaginary and charismatic leadership that led to the establishment of greater territories. Through the influence of Genghis Khan,

Improving Structure and Links for User Navigation Session

Improving Structure and Links for User Navigation Session Improving Structure and Links for Analysis of User Navigation Sessions Bhagyashri Biranje, Priti Harpale, Dushyant Singh, Meenal Jadhav, Sindhu M.R. ABSTRACT In this paper, we are designing a well-structured website to facilitate effective user navigation to relink webpages to improve navigability using user navigation data. We will completely reorganized new structure of a website, which can be highly unpredictable. It will also illustrate how to improve a website without introducing substantial changes. Here specifically, we are using a data mining algorithm to improve the user navigation on a website while minimizing alterations to its current structure. We will also test the model on large synthetic data sets to demonstrate that it scales up very well. Key words: Website design, user navigation, web mining, data mining algorithm. Corresponding Authors: Meenal Jadhav, Sindhu M.R. INTRODUCTION Nowadays, the more use of internet provides people more knowledge and information in detail. Number of users of internet is increasing day by day. For a user finding desired information is not always easy. Therefore, designing effective websites is not easy. Even though there are high profile websites, if they are unable to view the desired information, then users will ignore these websites. Ratings will be down. Less numbers of users will be the visitors [1]. There are so many examples of user navigation. The restaurant services such as making reservations, processing orders, and delivering meals generally requires waiters to input customer information and then transmit orders to the kitchen for menu preparation. When the customer pays the bill, the amount due is calculated by the cashier. Although this procedure is simple, it may significantly increase the waiters’ workload and even cause errors in menu ordering or in prioritizing customers, especially when the number of customers suddenly increases during busy hours, which can serious degrade overall service quality. Websites are having difficulties in searching and locating the target pages, because of poor website design. To design a website, developers should understand how to construct a website, which is different from previous website structure. This will be useful in such cases where users were unable to search or locate the desired information. So, to avoid such problems is not easy while creating a website. Because web developers may or may not have proper understanding of user’s preferences and they organize pages on their own preferences of their own judgments. Therefore to fulfill the user’s need, the webpages should be organized in such a way that it should be match with user’s preferences [2]. The success of any organization of web site will be determined largely by how well site’s information architecture matches users’ expectations. A logical, consistently named site organization allows users to make successful predictions about where to find things. Various methods of organizing and displaying information permit users to extend their knowledge from familiar pages to unfamiliar ones. If a developer misleads users with a structure that is neither logical nor predictable, or constantly uses different or ambiguous terms to describe site features, users will be frustrated by the difficulties of getting around and understanding what you have to offer [3]. Developer don’t want user’s mental model of web site to look like fig.1. Fig.1 Confusing links are made by a developer. Don’t make such a confusing web of links. Designers aren’t the only ones who make models of sites. Users try to imagine the site structure as well, and successful information architecture will help the user build a firm and predictable mental model of your site [3]. EXISTING SYSTEM If existing site has more than a few dozen pages, your users will expect web search options to find content in the site. In a larger site, with maybe hundreds or thousands of pages of content, web search is the only efficient means to locate particular content pages or to find all pages that mention a keyword or search phrase. For example, as with popular books at the library or the hit songs on iTunes, content usage on large web sites is a classic â€Å"long-tail† phenomenon [3]: a few items get 80 percent of the attention, and the rest get dramatically less traffic. As the user’s needs get more specific than a browser interface can handle, search engines are the means to find content out there in the long tail where it might otherwise remain undiscovered (fig. 2). Fig.2 The â€Å"long tail† of web search. Large sites are just too large to depend solely on browsing. Heavily used pages are likely to appear on browsing menus pages. Website Structure: In this project, the website structure consists of three components: layout templates, URL patterns, and linkage structure. Layout Template Most web pages consist of HTML elements like table, menu, button, image, and input box. The layout of a web page describes what HTML elements are included in the page, as well as how these elements are visually distributed in page rendering. Essentially, a page layout is represented by a so called DOM (Document Object Model) tree. In this project, a layout template is considered as a group of pages which have very similar layouts (DOM trees) [3]. In a website, pages are generated based on distinguishable templates according to their functions. That is to say, visually similar pages usually have same function. In this way, user can easily identify a page’s function at a glance. (b) (c) Fig. 3 Typical layout templates from the ASP.NET Forums [3]. Following are several typical layout templates identified from the ASP.NET Forums [3]. Their functions are to show a) a list of discussion thread, b) a list of thread posts, and c) user profile, respectively. They are designed to show: a) a list of discussion thread, b) a list of thread posts, and c) user profile, respectively. URL Pattern A URL pattern is a generalization of a group of URLs sharing similar syntactic format. In general, a URL pattern can be represented with a regular expression.Following we show some example URL patterns discovered, again,from the ASP.NET Forums [2]. List-of-thread pages ^http://forums.asp.net/d+.aspx$ ^http://forums.asp.net/d+.aspx?PageIndex=d+forumoptions=d+:d+:d+::$ List-of-post pages ^http://forums.asp.net/t/d+.aspx$ ^http://forums.asp.net/t/d+.aspx?PageIndex=d+$ ^http://forums.asp.net/p/d+/d+.aspx$ ^http://forums.asp.net/ThreadNavigation.aspx?PostID=d+NavType=(Previous|Next)$ User profile pages ^http://forums.asp.net/user/Profile.aspx?UserID=d+$ ^http://forums.asp.net/members/[^/?]*$ Itis noticed that one layout templates can have more than one related URL pattern. For example,a bookseller website usually designs one template to show a list of books,andprovidesdifferent query parameters to generate such a list. Various query parameters in this scenario will lead to different URL patterns, but the search results are shown with the same template. Another common case is duplicate pages, i.e., pages with the same content (and very likely the same layout)but different URLs [3]. Link Structure Based on the layout templates and URL patterns, we can construct a directed graph to represent the website organization structure. That is, each layout template is considered as a node in a graph, and two nodes are linked if there are hyperlinks between the pages belonging to the two nodes. The link direction is the same as the related hyperlinks.And each link is characterized with the URL pattern of the corresponding hyperlink URLs. Again, it should be noticed thatthere could be multiple links from one node to another if the corresponding hyperlinks have more than one URL pattern. Fig. 2 gives an illustrative example ofthe sub-graph constructed based on the layout templates and URL patterns above. Fig.4 An illustrative sub link-graph for the ASP.NET Forums [3]. PROPOSED SYSTEM In our proposed system, we have two main modules- Client and Server. 1] Module 1: Client Fig.5 Client Client has two functions: Browse Website Submit User Experience User or client used to browse the website. The client browses the website. The information of user such as history, time of visiting website, links etc. is known as user’s experience. It is then submitted to server. 2] Module 2: Server Fig.6 Server We are using tomcat apache as a Server. Client and Server are connected through network using Servlet. Server is used to store activity log of all user’s based on session in the database. Using Data Mining algorithm this database, website can be restructured to provide better, easier and faster interfaces. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Fig. 7 Architecture In this architecture, there are two modules, client and server. Client browses the website and submits its experience to the server. Then data is stored into the database. Data mining algorithm is applied to get improved website structure. It improves a website rather than reorganizes it hence is suitable for website maintenance on a progressive basis. This model is very effective to real-world websites. It optimally solves large-sized problems in a few seconds in most cases on a desktop. Data Mining Algorithm: The Data mining algorithm we are using is K-Means. The Algorithm K-means (Mac Queen, 1967) is one of the simplest unsupervised learning algorithms that solve the well known clustering problem. The procedure follows a simple and easy way to classify a given data set through a certain number of clusters (assume k clusters) fixed a priority [4, 5]. The algorithm is composed of the following steps: 1. Place K points into the space represented by the objects that are being clustered. These points represent initial group centroids. 2. Assign each object to the group that has the closest centroid. 3. When all objects have been assigned, recalculate the positions of the K centroids. 4. Repeat Steps 2 and 3 until the centroids no longer move. This produces a separation of the objects into groups from which the metric to be minimized can be calculated. CONCLUSION This model is useful for static websites and not suitable for websites that purely uses dynamic pages or have volatile contents. Using Data mining algorithm we will improve the navigation effectiveness of a website with minimal changes to its current structure. It will improve a website rather than reorganizes it. Most complex web sites share aspects of all three types of information structures. Site hierarchy is created largely with standard navigational links within the site, but topical links embedded within the content create a web like mesh of associative links that transcends the usual navigation and site structure. Except in sites that rigorously enforce a sequence of pages, users are likely to traverse your site in a free-form web like manner, jumping across regions in the information architecture, just as they would skip through chapters in a reference book. So, it will be the clearer and more concrete our site organization is, the easier it is for users to jump freely from place to place without feeling lost (fig. 7). Fig.8 Optimized path [3] We will structure sites as hierarchies, but users seldom use them that way. A clear information structure allows the user to move freely and confidently through our site. References [1] Min Chen and Young U. Ryu,† Facilitating Effective User Navigation through Website Structure Improvement†, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 3, March 2013. [2] G. N. Shinde and Inamdar S.A.,† Web Data Mining Using An Intelligent Information System Design†, G. N. Shinde,Inamdar S.A, Int. J. Comp. Tech. Appl., Vol 2 (2), 280-283. [3] Patric J Lynch and Sarah Horton, â€Å"Website Style Guide 3rd Edition† [4] J. B. MacQueen (1967): Some Methods for classification and Analysis of Multivariate Observations, Proceedings of 5-th Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1:281-297 [5] Brian T. Luke: â€Å"K-Means Clustering†

Courtship Violence :: essays research papers fc

Courtship Violence The term courtship violence refers to a couple’s interaction with emotional commitment with or without sexual intimacy. Dating violence involves the perpetration or threat of an act of physical violence by at least one member of an unmarried couple on the other within the context of the dating process (Barnett, Miller-Perrin, Perrin 163). The study of dating violence is important for two reasons. First, such behavior often results in physical and emotional injury. Second, there is reason to believe that dating violence is often a precursor to spousal abuse. Many battered women report that they were first assaulted by their husbands during courtship (Simons 467). Women, more than men, appear to bear the brunt of courtship violence. Despite the fact that rates of partner abuse by males and females are similar, women report more injuries and a greater negative impact as a result of their male partners’ physical aggression (Ronfeldt 72). Studies consistently show that it is women who are disproportionately likely to sustain serious injury. Some significant negative consequences are emotional harm, feelings of victimization, and fear of further violence (Barnett, Miller-Perrin, Perrin 164). The most popular explanation for dating violence is that it is a learned behavior acquired in the family origin. Witnessing parents’ marital aggression or being the victim of harsh corporal punishment may greatly increase the chances that a child will grow up to use violence in a dating relationship (Simons 468). There is a substantial body of evidence suggesting that violence in the family is a risk factor for the perpetration of partner abuse. Men who witnessed interparental violence were three times more likely to hit their wives than men who did not (Ronfeldt 72). Men who witnessed their fathers hitting their mothers were more likely to approve of violence against women and to abuse their own partner. Those growing up in a violent home were more likely to move from verbal to physical aggression. Witnessing paternal marital violence would moderate the association between psychologically controlling behaviors and physical violence so that the association would be stronger for individuals who had witnessed paternal marital violence (Ronfeldt 73). Researchers usually specify observational learning as the process whereby parents influence the probability that their children will be violent in intimate relationships. Some describe the learning process as one of imitation; others emphasize lessons about the legitimacy of violence in intimate relationships. The imitation explanation asserts that children learn about romantic relationships by observing interactions between their parents (Simons 468).

Greek Heroes Comparison with Modern Movies Essay

Greek mythology talks about different stories of heroes and villains in ancient times. I believe most of the stories are about war and tragedy. To name some are Ajax and the Trojan war. However, learning these different stories is very fascinating and intriguing. Each of the characters had his own goal to achieve whether or not with the help of someone (i. e. god or goddess). Below are five Greek heroes in ancient literature that showed their own ideals, talents and personality in the works of Homer, Hesiod and Sophocles. Homer’s â€Å"Iliad†: 1. Achilles. The greatest Greek warrior of the Trojan War. He was in love with Briseis whom Agamemnon commanded him to replace the enslaved Chryseis (Wikipedia, 2009). 2. Hector. He was a Trojan prince and a spearman whom Achilles has killed to avenge his friend Patroclus’s death. He was the greatest fighter of Troy (Wikipedia, 2009). Hesiod’s â€Å"Theogony†: 3. Prometheus. He was a Titan god [of fire] and his name literally means â€Å"forethought†. It is said that he was ambivalent and a lowly challenger of Zeus. (Answers, 2009). 4. Eros. He was the Greek god of love, lust, beauty and intercourse, and son of Aphrodite. He is represented by a naked child carrying bow and arrow. He sprang from the primordial Chaos together with Gaea (the Earth), and Tartarus (the underworld). He fell in love with Psyche and lived with her in his home but later on, their brittle peace was ruined by her jealous sisters. (Answers, 2009). Sophocles’s â€Å"Ajax†: 5. Odysseus. He was a great warrior, a rival of Ajax who was favored by the goddess Athena. He took pity on the delusional Ajax. He was the one who convinced the king to have Ajax buried despite of their past conflicts (Nathanbauman, 2009). Developing a character in a modern movie The five aforementioned Greek heroes built a composite picture of ancient heroic model in the modern movie character like Jason Bourne in The Bourne Identity [and its sequels The Bourne Supremacy and The Bourne Ultimatum] by Robert Ludlum, which is based on his novel of the same title. The movie portrays a spy who lost his memory and who is in constant run (Liman, 2002). The Jason Bourne character is strong, loving, life-preserving, a fighter and a challenger. He is being chased by the members of his previous team to eliminate him. This is to preserve the secret that the team has done in the past – the assassination attempt on the dictator Nyakwana Wombosi. Other spies and hitmen were also sent to go after him but they were all eliminated instead by him (Liman, 2002). Strong and fighter. Like Achilles, Hector and Odysseus, Jason Bourne is strong and a very good fighter. He has the instinct of self-preservation even though he lost his memory. He used advanced hand-to-hand combat (see Figure 1) and sometimes with the use of weapons, whichever is close at hand and available . It can be seen in the movie that he knocked the two police officers unconscious, who attempted to arrest him in the park for sleeping and without ID. Other scenes were when he Your Surname Here and page number was in the bank and the U. S. Consolate. He was then chased by the police and authorities, respectively. At the time that he was on the run, that was when he met Marie. He offered her money to drive for him and away from his pursuers (Liman, 2002). Loving. Like Eros and Psyche, they fell in love with each other (see Figure 1). And yet, to be able to protect Marie from all the danger he is facing, he separated himself from her; he sent her away even though they were already attached to each other. She originally did not want to leave him but he insisted (Liman, 2002). Challenger. Just like Prometheus, Jason Bourne is considered a lowly challenger to the CIA. He is alone but he accepted the challenge of risking his life just to find out his true identity and his past. Even though he did not know what the real deal was, he did not let himself lose to those men who wanted him dead. Figure 1. The Bourne Identity. A photo of Jason Bourne running, fighting with a hitman and kissing Marie (Liman, 2002). Works Cited Answers. com. Eros. July 2009. Answers. com. Prometheus. July 2009. Liman, Doug. The Bourne Identity. Perf. Matt Damon. Universal Studios, 2002. Nathanbauman. com. Odysseus. January 2009. Wikipedia. com. Achilles. July 2009.